Pesticides, gasoline, fireworks and firecrackers are common dangerous goods, but there are still many unexpected dangerous goods around us, such as lighters, lithium batteries, airbags, etc. How to ensure the safe transport of dangerous goods, we must consider selecting the appropriate packaging, and whether the packaging of dangerous goods is correct and the quality is good or not is directly related to whether the dangerous goods can be delivered for transport and the safety of transport. Today, I will take you to understand the customs inspection requirements for the transport packaging of export dangerous goods, and share some typical cases.
1. Definition of dangerous goods
According to the Classification and Item Number of Dangerous Goods (GB 6944), dangerous goods refer to substances and articles with explosive, flammable, toxic, infectious, corrosive, radioactive and other dangerous characteristics that are easy to cause personal injury, property damage or environmental pollution and need special protection during transportation, storage, production, operation, use and disposal.
Dangerous goods are divided into 9 categories:
(1)Explosives
(2) Gas
(3) Flammable liquid
(4)Inflammable solids, substances prone to spontaneous combustion, substances that emit flammable gas when meeting water
(5) Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
(6) Toxic and infectious substances
(7)Radioactive substances
(8)Corrosive substances
(9)Miscellaneous hazardous substances and articles including environmental hazardous substances
2. Packaging classification of dangerous goods
According to types, it can be divided into single package, combined package, composite container, medium bulk container, large container, etc.
According to the degree of danger, all kinds of dangerous goods other than self reactive substances in Category 1, Category 2, Category 7, Category 5, 5.2, 6.2 and 4.1 of Category 6 and Category 4 can be divided into three packaging categories: Category I, Category II and Category III:
3. Requirements of customs laws and regulations
Article 17 of the Law of the People's Republic of China on Import and Export Commodity Inspection stipulates: "Enterprises that produce packaging containers for export dangerous goods must apply to the commodity inspection authorities for performance appraisal of packaging containers. Enterprises that produce export dangerous goods must apply to the commodity inspection authorities for appraisal of the use of packaging containers. Dangerous goods that use packaging containers that have not passed the appraisal are not allowed to be exported."
4. Customs supervision process
The "Dangerous Goods Certificate" is a common name, which accurately refers to the "Inspection Results of the Packaging Performance of Entry Exit Goods" and the "Inspection Results of the Use of the Transport Packaging of Exit Dangerous Goods".
4.1 Packaging performance inspection
(1) Code application
The declaration subject of performance inspection is the packaging container manufacturer. The customs shall implement code management on the packaging production enterprises of export dangerous goods, and the packaging production enterprises shall apply for codes to the customs under their jurisdiction according to the place of production.
(2) Packaging mark
The package of export dangerous goods shall be marked with the package of dangerous goods specified by the United Nations, which shall include the code of the manufacturer.
(3) Performance inspection
The customs conducts periodic inspection on dangerous packages produced by code enterprises. According to the performance testing of dangerous bags, the inspection cycle is dynamically adjusted in three grades: one month, three months and six months. The performance test of the whole project shall be carried out once for the same type of dangerous bags in a single cycle, and spot checks shall be carried out once, twice and three times respectively according to the cycle.
(4) Certificate issuance
The customs shall carry out sampling inspection on dangerous packages of the same specification according to the performance inspection report within the valid period, and issue the Performance Inspection Results of Entry Exit Goods Packaging after passing the inspection.
4.2 Packaging use identification
(1) Applicant
When exporting dangerous goods such as pesticides, disinfectants, lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, perfumes, airbags and other dangerous goods, manufacturers of dangerous goods, that is, packaging users, shall apply to the customs at the place of production for identification of the use of dangerous goods packaging.
(2) Declaration requirements
Enterprises using dangerous bags shall prepare materials such as classification and identification report of dangerous characteristics, declaration of conformity, and provide UN 38.3 test summary for special dangerous goods such as lithium batteries. When applying for use appraisal, the Inspection Results of Packaging Performance of Entry Exit Goods shall also be provided. For the packaging container used for the first time, the compatibility test report or self declaration of compatibility between the contents and the packaging container for more than 6 months shall also be provided.
(3) Field inspection
Whether the packaging type, specification, unit weight (volume and gross and net weight) are consistent with the Model Regulations of the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods or the international hazardous packaging requirements of the corresponding transport type; Whether the applicability of the packaging category and the method of use are in compliance; The materials of packaging, accessories and accessories and the suitability of the hazardous chemicals contained therein.
(4) Certificate issuance
The customs shall carry out batch by batch inspection on dangerous export packages, and conduct sampling inspection on whether the dangerous export packages meet the requirements of each regulation. After passing the inspection, the Customs shall issue the Inspection Results of the Use of Transport Packages for Outbound Dangerous Goods.
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