Classification of lead-acid batteries
There are 2 UN numbers for lead-acid batteries in the United Nations "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" (TDG), which are UN2794 (electrical storage battery, wet, with acid) and UN2800 (electrical storage battery) group, wet, sealed). The classification principle is whether the lead-acid battery has passed the three tests of vibration, pressure difference and 55°C temperature listed in TDG's "Special Regulations 238". If the lead-acid battery has not passed the above test test, it can be classified as UN2794, and the hazard category is Class 8 (corrosive substances); If the lead-acid battery has passed the vibration and differential pressure test tests, but has not been or failed to pass the 55°C temperature test The test can be classified as UN2800, and the hazard category is 8 (corrosive substances); if the lead-acid battery passes the three tests of vibration, pressure difference, and 55°C temperature, it can be exempted from general cargo transportation and is not subject to TDG's limit. In addition, during actual transportation, in addition to maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, there are also cases in which batteries are transported without electrolyte (acid solution), and lead-acid batteries without electrolyte themselves are not dangerous goods. Its transportation hazard mainly comes from electrolyte, which is classified as Class 8 dangerous goods, and applies UN number UN2796 (sulfuric acid, containing no more than 51% acid, or acid battery fluid).
There are two common export transport packaging for lead-acid batteries:
One is the packaging of dangerous goods (referred to as the dangerous package). The battery using the dangerous package mainly refers to the above-mentioned battery containing acid. In the "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Regulations", its hazard category is designated as 8 categories. Ordinary packaging (referred to as ordinary packaging). Batteries using ordinary packs mainly refer to batteries that only have plastic casings and internal lead plates in series, without adding acid. Special attention should be paid here: if the lead-acid battery is in ordinary packaging, it can literally be understood as general goods. If you want to export by means, you must provide the general goods identification of Shanghai Chemical Industry Research Institute. Due to the sensitivity of battery products, even if there is an appraisal report, it depends on whether the shipowner will recognize lead-acid batteries as general cargo bookings, and at the same time provide a non-hazardous letter of guarantee. This link requires professional lead-acid batteries. The carrier of sea export to operate.
How to judge whether a lead-acid battery is a general product or a dangerous product
Carefully read the "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Regulations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Rules") and the "Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods", we can find that there are 6 types of batteries mentioned in the "Rules", and the acid batteries are only directly equipped with One type of acid, the other five are alkaline batteries, and the medium of alkaline batteries is solid or liquid. However, from the research on the relevant provisions of various types of batteries in the "Rules", it can be seen that the dangerous characteristics of batteries are mainly reflected in two aspects: First, due to the electric energy stored in the battery, during transportation, short-circuiting of electrodes will cause fire. The second is the corrosion caused by the leakage of the internal acid or alkaline medium. There are two possibilities for the overflow of this medium, one is the direct overflow of the liquid, and the other is the overflow of the corrosive solid or liquid medium caused by the fire or impact damage of the battery casing. Lead-acid batteries have these two dangerous characteristics at the same time. On the one hand, they store energy. During transportation, short-circuiting of electrodes will cause fire; on the other hand, the acid medium of its solution is corrosive. When the cause is damaged, its colloidal medium will overflow and cause corrosion. It can be seen from this that lead-acid batteries are dangerous goods and must be packaged according to the packaging requirements of dangerous goods.
Through MSDS
MSDS is Material Safety Specification, we will see 16 items when we get MSDS, we can focus on item 14: 14. Transport information mainly refers to domestic and international chemical packaging, transportation requirements and transportation The specified classification and numbering, including: dangerous goods number, packaging category, packaging mark, packaging method, UN number and transportation precautions, etc. The fourteenth item is about transportation information. If we can see the category of dangerous goods, the UN code of dangerous goods, and the packaging category, then there is no doubt that the battery in our hand belongs to dangerous goods. If we do not see the category of dangerous goods, there is no UN code, and there is no packaging category, then it can be judged that this battery belongs to the information documents required for the export of general lead-acid batteries by sea. A comprehensive regulatory document on chemical characteristics required by law to be provided to downstream customers and the public) 2. Dangerous package certificate (issued when batteries are dangerous goods) Dangerous package certificate mainly includes a performance list and a use certificate, and the performance list is relatively simple , Generally, manufacturers who can make regular packaging can provide it. The use certificate is more complicated. It needs to cooperate with IMI identification and performance list to go to the local Commodity Inspection Bureau of the factory to apply for 3. Customs declaration information (a set of customs declaration information includes: packing list, invoice, Contracts, customs declarations, proxy declarations and declaration elements)
